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Three-way match

Three-way match is the discipline of verifying that the purchase order, the goods received, and the vendor bill all agree before paying.

The three documents

DocumentSays
Purchase orderWhat you agreed to buy at what price
ReceiptWhat physically arrived
Vendor billWhat the vendor is charging

A three-way match confirms:

  • Quantity billed ≤ quantity received (no paying for goods not in hand)
  • Unit price billed = unit price ordered (no unauthorised price increases)
  • Total billed = total received × unit ordered

How PLANA enforces it

When you create a bill from a confirmed PO (PO → Create Bill):

  • PLANA pre-fills the bill from the PO lines
  • The pre-fill quantity is what was received, not what was ordered
  • The price defaults to the PO price

You manually adjust if the vendor's bill differs. PLANA highlights any discrepancy:

DiscrepancyFlag
Bill quantity ≠ PO quantityYellow warning
Bill price ≠ PO priceYellow warning
Bill amount > received amountRed warning (this is the danger one)

Confirm the bill only after reconciling the discrepancies — adjust PLANA's values to match the bill, OR push back on the vendor for a corrected bill.

When the bill comes before the receipt

Common for international vendors who invoice on dispatch:

  1. The bill arrives in the post first
  2. Create the bill in PLANA, with a note "awaiting receipt"
  3. Goods arrive later
  4. Receive in Inventory; PLANA links to the open bill
  5. Validate the receipt → three-way match runs at this point

If receipt < bill quantity, the bill is flagged. Resolve by either:

  • Returning the unreceived portion to the vendor (negative receipt)
  • Issuing a partial credit note from the vendor
  • Adjusting the bill to match the actual receipt

Configuring tolerance

For small unit-price discrepancies (e.g. 0.5% rounding), you can set tolerance so PLANA accepts close-enough matches without flagging:

Settings → Inventory → Three-way match → Price tolerance: 1%.

Any discrepancy within the tolerance passes silently. Above it triggers the flag.

Disabling three-way match

If your business doesn't need it (very simple purchase flows), disable it in Settings → Inventory → Three-way match: off. Bills then post without checking against receipts. Not recommended — three-way match catches genuine errors.

Where to read more

© PLANA Digital Ltd.